Income Approach
An investment property valuation determines the current market value of an income-producing property. Unlike a primary residence, investment property values are closely tied to their potential to generate revenue. Accurate valuations are crucial for investors, lenders, and buyers to make sound financial decisions, prevent overleveraging, and maximize return on investment. When securing financing, the property itself serves as collateral, giving lenders confidence that their costs can be recovered if the borrower defaults.
The value of an investment property is typically calculated using a combination of three primary approaches:
Income Approach
Estimating value based on the property’s rental income potential, occupancy rates, operating expenses, and capitalization (cap) rate.
Sales Comparison Approach
Reviewing recent sales of comparable investment properties in the area, adjusted for differences in size, condition, location, or revenue potential.
Cost Approach
Estimating the value of land plus the cost to rebuild or replace improvements, less depreciation.
Market conditions
Including rental demand, interest rates, inventory levels, and investor sentiment—also play a significant role in determining current value.
Online valuation tools can provide a quick estimate and helpful benchmark for investment properties. However, they often lack detailed analysis of:
• Actual or projected rental income
• Occupancy and vacancy rates
• Operating expenses and management costs
• Local rental demand and competitive property performance
• Future development or zoning changes that may impact revenue potential
Because investment property values are strongly linked to income generation, online valuations should only be used as a starting point. For the most accurate assessment, consider a professional appraisal or a broker’s price opinion (BPO) that incorporates cash flow analysis and cap rate evaluation.